SQL行号排序和分页(SQL查询中插入行号自定义分页的另类实现)

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（一）行号显示和排序1.SQLServer的行号A.SQL2000使用identity(int,1,1)和临时表，可以显示行号SELECTidentity(int,1,1)ASROWNUM,[DataID]INTO#1FROMDATASorderbyDataID;SELECT*FROM#1B.SQL2005提供一个很好用的函数row_number()，可以直接用来显示行号，当然也可以使用SQL2000的identitySELECTrow_number()over(ORDERBYDataID)ASROWNUM,[DataID]FROMDATAS;这里如果添加排序功能，则先排序再添加行号2.ORACLE的行号显示使用ROWNUMSELECTROWNUM,[DataID]FROMDATASorderbyDataID注意：先加行号再排序,如果想排序好再加行号就要使用子查询3.取前n条数据A.SQL版selecttopn[DataID]fromDATASB.ORACLE版SELECT[DataID]FROMDATASwhereROWNUM<=n其中，n>=1ORACLE的ROWNUM

（一）行号显示和排序

1.SQL Server的行号

A.SQL 2000使用identity(int,1,1)和临时表，可以显示行号
SELECT
identity(int,1,1) AS ROWNUM,
[DataID]
INTO #1
FROM DATAS
order by DataID;
SELECT * FROM #1
B.SQL 2005提供一个很好用的函数row_number()，
可以直接用来显示行号，当然也可以使用SQL 2000的identity
SELECT
row_number()over(ORDER BY DataID) AS ROWNUM,
[DataID]
FROM DATAS;
这里如果添加排序功能，则先排序再添加行号

2.ORACLE的行号显示

使用ROWNUM
SELECT
ROWNUM,
[DataID]
FROM DATAS
order by DataID
注意：先加行号再排序,如果想排序好再加行号就要使用子查询

3.取前n条数据
A.SQL版
select top n [DataID] from DATAS
B.ORACLE版
SELECT
[DataID]
FROM DATAS where ROWNUM<=n
其中，n>=1
ORACLE的ROWNUM不能应用于大于，只能 ROWNUM= 1, 或者<= 大于1 的自然数

(二)SQL分页的几种方式
以每页10条数据为例，查询第三页数据，即21-30这些记录
1.分页方案一：(利用Not In和SELECT TOP分页)
语句形式：

复制代码代码如下:

 
SELECT TOP 10 * 
FROM DATAS 
WHERE DataID NOT IN 
(SELECT TOP 20 DataID 
FROM DATAS 
ORDER BY DataID) 
ORDER BY DataID 

2.分页方案二：(利用ID大于多少和SELECT TOP分页）
语句形式：

复制代码代码如下:

 
SELECT TOP 10 * 
FROM DATAS 
WHERE ID > 
(SELECT MAX(DataID) 
FROM (SELECT TOP 20 DataID 
FROM DATAS 
ORDER BY DataID) AS T) 
ORDER BY DataID 

3.分页方案三

复制代码代码如下:

 
select top 10 DataID from 
(SELECT top 30 
[DataID] 
FROM DATAS 
order by dataid desc) A 
ORDER BY DataID 

4.分页方案四：(利用SQL的游标存储过程分页)

复制代码代码如下:

 
create procedure SqlPager 
@sql nvarchar(8000), --查询字符串 
@curpage int, --第N页 
@pagesize int --每页行数 
as 
set nocount on 
declare @P int, --P是游标的id 
@rowcount int 
exec sp_cursoropen @P output,@sql,@scrollopt=1,@ccopt=1, @rowcount=@rowcount output 
select ceiling(1.0*@rowcount/@pagesize) as 总页数,@rowcount as 总行数,@curpage as 当前页 
set @curpage=(@curpage-1)*@pagesize+1 
exec sp_cursorfetch @P,16,@curpage,@pagesize 
exec sp_cursorclose @P 
set nocount off 

方法整理如下：
　　代码基于pubs样板数据库
　　在SQL中,一般就这两种方法.
　　1.使用临时表
　　可以使用select into 创建临时表,在第一列,加入Identify(int,1,1)作为行号,
　　这样在产生的临时表中,结果集就有了行号.也是目前效率最高的方法.
　　这种方法不能用于视图

复制代码代码如下:

 
　　set nocount on 
　　select IDentify(int,1,1) 'RowOrder',au_lname,au_fname into #tmp from authors 
　　select * frm #tmp 
　　drop table #tmp 

　　2.使用自连接
　　不用临时表,在SQL语句中,动态的进行排序.这种方法用到的连接是自连接,连接关系一般是
　　大于,

复制代码代码如下:

 
　　select rank=count(*), a1.au_lname, a1.au_fname 
　　from authors a1 inner join authors a2 on a1.au_lname + a1.au_fname >= a2.au_lname + a2.au_fname 
　　group by a1.au_lname, a1.au_fname 
　　order by count(*) 

　　运行结果:
　　rank au_lname au_fname
　　----------- ---------------------------------------- --------------------
　　1 Bennet Abraham
　　2 Blotchet-Halls Reginald
　　3 Carson Cheryl
　　4 DeFrance Michel
　　5 del Castillo Innes
　　6 Dull Ann
　　7 Greene Morningstar
　　... ....
缺点:
　　1.使用自联接，所以该方法不适用于处理大量行。它适用于处理几百行。
　　对于大型表，一定要使用索引以避免进行大范围的搜索,或用第一种方法.
　　2.不能正常处理重复值。当比较重复值时，会出现不连续的行编号。
　　如果不希望出现这种现象，可以在电子表格中插入结果时隐藏排序列，而是使用电子表格编号。
　　或用第一种方法
　　优点:
　　这些查询可以用于视图和结果格式设置中
　　在结果集中插入了行号，现在就可以将结果集合缓存起来，然后使用DataView，加入过滤条件
　　RowNum>PageIndex*PageSize And RowNum<=(PageIndex+1)*PageSize
　　就能实现快速的分页，而且不论你的页面数据绑定控件是什么（DataList,DataGrid,还是Repeate都可以）。
　　如果你使用的是DataGrid，那么建议不要使用这种技术。因为DataGrid的分页效率和它差不多。

标签: SQL 行号分页排序查询插入自定义另类实现

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