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PHP 进程锁定问题分析研究

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 2014-12-03 12:27:18 转载来源: 网络整理/侵权必删

本文是一篇PHP 的进程锁定问题分析研究,感兴趣的同学参考下. 1. 区分读锁定 和 写 锁定。 如果每次都使用 写锁定，那么连多个进程读取一个文件也要排队，这样的效率肯定不行

本文是一篇PHP 的进程锁定问题分析研究,感兴趣的同学参考下.

1. 区分读锁定 和 写 锁定。
如果每次都使用 写锁定，那么连多个进程读取一个文件也要排队，这样的效率肯定不行。
2. 区分 阻塞 与 非 阻塞模式。
一般来说，如果一个进程在写一个文件的时候，另外一个进程应该被阻塞，但是，很多时候，我们可以先干点别的事情，
然后再判断一下是否有其他人在写文件，如果没有，再加入数据，这样的效率更高。
3. 修复了 锁定文件在linux 上的bug，特别是 在 gfs 文件系统上的bug。
代码如下：


<?php
class File_Lock
{
private $name;
private $handle;
private $mode;
function __construct($filename, $mode = 'a+b')
{
global $php_errormsg;
$this->name = $filename;
$path = dirname($this->name);
if ($path == '.' || !is_dir($path)) {
global $config_file_lock_path;
$this->name = str_replace(array("/", ""), array("_", "_"), $this->name);
if ($config_file_lock_path == null) {
$this->name = dirname(__FILE__) . "/lock/" . $this->name;
} else {
$this->name = $config_file_lock_path . "/" . $this->name;
}
}
$this->mode = $mode;
$this->handle = @fopen($this->name, $mode);
if ($this->handle == false) {
throw new Exception($php_errormsg);
}
}
public function close()
{
if ($this->handle !== null ) {
@fclose($this->handle);
$this->handle = null;
}
}
public function __destruct()
{
$this->close();
}
public function lock($lockType, $nonBlockingLock = false)
{
if ($nonBlockingLock) {
return flock($this->handle, $lockType | LOCK_NB);
} else {
return flock($this->handle, $lockType);
}
}
public function readLock()
{
return $this->lock(LOCK_SH);
}
public function writeLock($wait = 0.1)
{
$startTime = microtime(true);
$canWrite = false;
do {
$canWrite = flock($this->handle, LOCK_EX);
if(!$canWrite) {
usleep(rand(10, 1000));
}
} while ((!$canWrite) && ((microtime(true) - $startTime) < $wait));
}
/**
* if you want't to log the number under multi-thread system,
* please open the lock, use a+ mod. then fopen the file will not
* destroy the data.
*
* this function increment a delt value , and save to the file.
*
* @param int $delt
* @return int
*/
public function increment($delt = 1)
{
$n = $this->get();
$n += $delt;
$this->set($n);
return $n;
}
public function get()
{
fseek($this->handle, 0);
return (int)fgets($this->handle);
}
public function set($value)
{
ftruncate($this->handle, 0);
return fwrite($this->handle, (string)$value);
}
public function unlock()
{
if ($this->handle !== null ) {
return flock($this->handle, LOCK_UN);
} else {
return true;
}
}
}
?>


测试代码：

 


<?php
/**
* 进行写锁定的测试
* 打开线程1
*/
require("file_lock.php");
$lock = new File_Lock(dirname(dirname(__FILE__)) . "/FileLock.lock");
/** 单个线程锁定的速度 1s 钟 3万次。 **/
/** 两个线程写，两万的数据 大概要 7s 钟*/
/** 一个线程写，一万的数据 大概要 3.9s 钟，居然两个文件同时写，要快一点*/
/** 不进行锁定，一个进程 写大概要 2.8s 钟，加锁是有代价的。 */
/** 不进行锁定，两个进程 分布不是很均匀，而且大多数都冲突 */
$lock->writeLock();
$lock->increment();
$lock->unlock();
while ($lock->get() < 2) {
usleep(1000);
}
sleep(1);
echo "begin to runing n";
$t1 = microtime(true);
for ($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)
{
$lock->writeLock();
$lock->increment(1);
$lock->unlock();
}
$t2 = microtime(true) - $t1;
echo $t2;
?>


我增加了一个 increment 的函数，可以实现简单的线程同步，让两个进程同时执行某段代码，当然，这个有一定的误差
这里的误差是 0.001s。
把这个类简单的用到 前面的memcache 消息队列中就可以实现 线程安全的消息队列。

 

 


标签: PHP 进程 锁定 问题 分析研究


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